Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
https://www.taccire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/32
All initiatives, efforts and measures aimed at reducing impacts and effects of climate change or reversing climate change trends2024-03-29T01:42:20ZTowards a climate smart
https://www.taccire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/555
Towards a climate smart
Davies, Mark; Naess, Lars Otto; Bene, Chris
This report considers how issues related to climate change can be incorporated into the third phase of the Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF III). By linking social protection (SP) , climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR), the report identifies how TASAF can be made ‘climate smart’ by enabling it to better withstand the pressures from a changing climate while at the same time strengthening people ’s resilience , and maximising opportunities for climate finance. A roadmap is presented that identifies opportunities to incorporate these findings into TASAF III in a systematic, comprehensive and realistic way
2017-10-16T00:00:00ZEcosystems, development, and climate adaptation
https://www.taccire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/554
Ecosystems, development, and climate adaptation
Taylor, Anna; Rubens, Jason; Masanja, Mwamini; Devisscher, Tahia; Jeans, Helen
Tanzania hosts a variety of ecosystems, including mountain, dry lands, wetlands, coastal and marine ecosystems, many of which are trans-boundary (e.g. the Lake Tanganyika ecosystem, which is shared between four countries). These ecosystems directly support the livelihoods of many Tanzanians and much of the country’s economy as a whole, providing goods and services including food, water, medicine, building materials, fuel and numerous natural attractions that support tourism.
The pressure placed on Tanzania’s ecosystems has been steadily growing as the human population increases, the economy expands, and more ecosystem goods and services are appropriated, traded and consumed. Ecosystem fragmentation resulting from land use changes, overgrazing, artisanal mining, the destruction of watersheds through deforestation, extensive pollution, wildfires, and the inadequate levels of management capacity, institutional coordination and participation of key stakeholders are all contributing to the degradation and destruction of numerous ecosystems across Tanzania (NEMC, 2006). The result is declining soil fertility, reduced water flow and loss of biological diversity. Global anthropogenic climate change is placing additional strain on already degraded ecosystems, which in turn has consequences for human communities using, in various ways, the goods and services that these ecosystems offer.
2017-10-16T00:00:00ZAdapting agriculture to climate change
https://www.taccire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/544
Adapting agriculture to climate change
Howden, Mark; Soussana, Jean-Franc¸ ois; Tubiello, Francesco; Chhetri, Netra; Dunlop, Michael; Meinke, Holger
The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. There are many potential adaptation options available for marginal change of existing agricultural systems, often variations of existing climate risk management. We show that implementation of these options is likely to have substantial benefits under moderate climate change for some cropping systems. However, there are limits to their effectiveness under more severe climate changes. Hence, more systemic changes in resource allocation need to be considered, such as targeted diversification of production systems and livelihoods. We argue that achieving
increased adaptation action will necessitate integration of climate change-related issues with other risk factors, such as climate variability and market risk, and with other policy domains, such as sustainable development. Dealing with the many barriers to effective adaptation will require a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach covering a range of scales and issues, for example, from the understanding by farmers of change in risk profiles to the establishment of efficient markets that facilitate response strategies. Science, too, has to adapt. Multidisciplinary problems require multidisciplinary solutions, i.e., a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary science and a strengthening of the interface with decision makers. A crucial component of this approach is the
implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders, practitioners, policymakers, and scientists.
2007-01-01T00:00:00ZA Review of Agricultural, Food Security, Food Systems and Climate Change Adaptation Policies, Institutions and Actors in East Africa
https://www.taccire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/540
A Review of Agricultural, Food Security, Food Systems and Climate Change Adaptation Policies, Institutions and Actors in East Africa
Nzuma, Jonathan Makau; Radeny, Maren; Kinyangi, James; Cramer, Laura
Agricultural production systems in East Africa are mainly rain-fed and highly vulnerable to
climate change and variability. Moreover, the smallholder subsistence production base
increases the vulnerability of the agricultural sector in East Africa to climate risks. The
frequency and severity of climate shocks such as drought, heat and cold stress as well as
floods are increasing and likely to lead to major food crises. Governmental and non-governmental actors in East African countries have instituted policies and programs aimed at increasing agricultural productivity, improving food security and enhancing adaptation to climate change. This paper examines the various policies, institutions and actors related to climate change adaptation, food security, food system and agricultural development in East Africa—focusing on Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The paper combines a review of literature with key informant interviews from various actors in the four countries. Governmental and non-governmental institutions are actively involved in the formulation of food security, food systems and climate change adaptation policies in East Africa. Several policies related to agriculture, food security and climate change already exist. Majority of the institutions interviewed had made progress in implementing climate change adaptation and mitigation projects. The most common mitigation projects undertaken relate to Clean Development Mechanisms (CMD) and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). The challenges in implementing agriculture and climate change related policies include limited technical capacity, program funding and infrastructure. Previously, efforts towards addressing climate change in East Africa by the different actors were largely uncoordinated. In order to improve coordination of climate change issues in the region, climate change coordination units (CCCU) have been set up across the four countries. In Ethiopia, the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) coordinates climate change initiatives in the country. In Kenya, a CCCU was set up at the Prime Minister’s office. In Tanzania, a CCCU exists at the Vice President’s Office, while in Uganda a similar CCCU has been set up under the Ministry of Water and Environment (MWE). These findings give credence to calls for increased funding for climate change adaptation and mitigation in East Africa. Other alternative policy options emanating from the study include 4 increased investment in human capital development to enhance policy formulation and implementation, investment in agricultural infrastructure and markets and partnerships between local and international institutions to enhance the capacities of the local institutions.
2017-09-27T00:00:00Z